Of the garage door springs, two are the most common: torsion springs and extension springs. Both play a vital role in maintaining the smooth operation of your garage door by counterbalancing the weight of the door and making it easy to open and close. They operate in different manners, and understanding the difference between them can help you choose the right spring for your garage door system.
1. How They Work
- Torsion Springs:
- Torsion springs are located above the garage door opening and are wound tightly to store energy when the door is closed. When the door is opened, the springs unwind, releasing stored energy and lifting the door.
- These springs are designed to handle a high amount of tension, and the energy they store is proportional to how much they are wound. The number of turns on a torsion spring determines how much weight it can support, which is why they are ideal for heavier or larger doors.
- Extension Springs:
- Extension springs are typically mounted on either side of the garage door, parallel to the tracks. These springs stretch as the door is closed and contract as the door opens, helping to lift the door by extending and storing energy in the process.
- Extension springs work by expanding and contracting, and the energy stored in them is released when the door is lifted. These springs are typically used for lighter garage doors and are more commonly found on older systems.
2. Durability and Lifespan
- Torsion Springs:
- Torsion springs are generally considered more durable than extension springs. They can withstand more cycles (the process of opening and closing the door) and tend to last longer.
- Typically, torsion springs are rated for about 10,000 to 15,000 cycles, meaning they can last anywhere from 7 to 10 years, depending on the frequency of use.
- Extension Springs:
- Extension springs generally have a shorter lifespan. They are rated for about 5,000 to 10,000 cycles, which typically translates to a lifespan of around 5 to 7 years, depending on usage.
- Since extension springs have to stretch and contract with every cycle, they experience more wear and tear compared to torsion springs.
3. Safety
- Torsion Springs:
- Torsion springs are mounted above the door and are typically enclosed in a tube to prevent injury in case they break. However, they still carry a lot of tension and require professional installation or repair.
- When torsion springs break, they tend to do so with a loud bang and can potentially cause damage or injury due to the high tension they are under. This is why it is crucial to have these springs serviced by a professional.
- Extension Springs:
- Extension springs are mounted on the sides of the door, and when they break, they can snap and fly across the room with considerable force. This can be dangerous, which is why safety cables are recommended with extension springs. These cables run through the center of the spring to contain it in the event of a break.
- Extension springs generally offer a bit less risk of injury compared to torsion springs, but they still need to be handled with care.
4. Cost
- Torsion Springs:
- Torsion springs are generally more expensive than extension springs due to their increased durability and longer lifespan. They require specialized tools and expertise to install, so the labor costs are typically higher.
- Extension Springs:
- Extension springs are typically less expensive and simpler to install, which makes them a more budget-friendly option for garage doors. However, their shorter lifespan and less efficient performance may require more frequent repairs or replacements.
5. Installation and Maintenance
- Torsion Springs:
- Torsion springs are more complex to install and adjust. Due to the high tension they hold, professional installation is highly recommended. They require periodic lubrication and careful inspection to ensure they are functioning properly.
- Extension Springs:
- Extension springs are easier to install and adjust, but because they are under tension during operation, they should still be installed by a professional. Regular maintenance includes lubrication to keep the springs operating smoothly.
Which Is Right for You?
- Torsion Springs are ideal for:
- Heavier garage doors or doors used frequently.
- Homeowners who want a more durable, long-lasting option.
- Those who prioritize safety and less frequent maintenance.
- Extension Springs are ideal for:
- Lighter doors or doors in homes with lighter traffic.
- Those on a budget looking for a more affordable solution.
- Homeowners who don’t mind performing more frequent maintenance.
